BN

BARISAN NASIONAL (BN)

BEBAS

BEBAS (BEBAS)

DAP

1966

Democratic Action Party

"Malaysian Malaysia"

Social democracy

PEJUANG

2020

Fighters of the Nation Party

Malay nationalism

GPS

GABUNGAN PARTI SARAWAK (GPS)

GREENS

Green Party of Malaysia

Green politics

WARISAN

2016

Heritage Party

"Sabah untuk Semua"

Sabah regionalism (Sabah-based, Malaysia-wide)

PANAR

2013

Homeland Native Son Party

Sabah indigenous (Momogun) interests

STAR

1996

Homeland Solidarity Party

Sabah nationalism

HRP

Human Rights Party Malaysia

Indian minority rights

IPF

1990

Indian Progressive Front

Indian community interests

KITA

KESATUAN INSAF TANAH AIR (KITA)

LDP

1989

Liberal Democratic Party

Sabah Chinese interests

MAP

2019

Malaysian Advancement Party

Indian minority interests

MCC

Malaysian Ceylonese Congress

Sri Lankan Tamil community interests

MCA

1949

Malaysian Chinese Association

Chinese community interests

MIC

1946

Malaysian Indian Congress

Indian community interests

KIMMA

1977

Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress

Indian-Muslim community interests

PUTRA

2020

Malaysian Indigenous Struggle Heritage Party

Malay/Bumiputera nationalism

PAS

1951

Malaysian Islamic Party

"PAS untuk semua"

Islamism

BERJASA

1977

Malaysian Nation National Alliance Party

Islamism

PBM

2021

Malaysian Nation Party

Multiracialism

GERAKAN

1968

Malaysian People's Movement Party

Multiracialism

PRM

1955

Malaysian People's Party

Socialism

PSM

2008

Malaysian Socialist Party

Socialism

MUDA

2022

Malaysian United Democratic Alliance

Social democracy

BERSATU

2016

Malaysian United Indigenous Party

Malay nationalism

BERSAMA

2016

Malaysian United Party / Together Malaysia Party

"A new third force"

Centrism

AMANAH

2015

National Trust Party

Islamic democracy

PH

PAKATAN HARAPAN (PH)

PAP

PARTI ALTERNATIF RAKYAT (PAP)

AKIM

PARTI ANGKATAN KEADILAN INSAN MALAYSIA (AKIM)

ASPIRASI

PARTI ASPIRASI RAKYAT SARAWAK (ASPIRASI)

PBDS

PARTI BANSA DAYAK SARAWAK (PBDS)

PBDSB

PARTI BANSA DAYAK SARAWAK BARU (PBDSB)

BERSEKUTU

PARTI BARISAN RAKYAT SABAH BERSEKUTU (BERSEKUTU)

MU

PARTI BERSAMA MALAYSIA (MU)

PBRS

PARTI BERSATU RAKYAT SABAH (PBRS)

MUPP

PARTI BERSATU SASA MALAYSIA (MUPP)

PBK

PARTI BUMI KENYALANG (PBK)

PCM

2009

Parti Cinta Malaysia

Multiracialism

PCS

2012

Parti Cinta Sabah

Sabah regionalism

SPP

PARTI DAMAI SABAH (SPP)

GRS

PARTI GABUNGAN RAKYAT SABAH (GRS)

HARAPAN RAKYAT

PARTI HARAPAN RAKYAT SABAH (HARAPAN RAKYAT)

PIS

PARTI IMPIAN SABAH (PIS)

PKS

PARTI KEBANGSAAN SABAH (PKS)

SNAP

PARTI KEBANGSAAN SARAWAK (SNAP)

ANAK NEGERI

PARTI KERJASAMA ANAK NEGERI (ANAK NEGERI)

SWP

PARTI PEKERJA SARAWAK (SWP)

IMAN

PARTI PERIKATAN INDIA MUSLIM NASIONAL (IMAN)

PPRS

PARTI PERPADUAN RAKYAT SABAH (PPRS)

PEACE

PARTI RAKYAT GABUNGAN JAKSA PENDAMAI (PEACE)

RUMPUN

PARTI RUMPUN SABAH (RUMPUN)

SEDAR

PARTI SEDAR RAKYAT SARAWAK (SEDAR)

SOLIDARITI

PARTI SOLIDARITI TANAH AIRKU (SOLIDARITI)

STARSABAH

PARTI SOLIDARITI TANAH AIRKU (STARSABAH)

PUR

PARTI UTAMA RAKYAT (PUR)

PWN

Parti Wawasan Negara / Parti Wawasan (as noted by ROS 2026)

PFP

PENANG FRONT PARTY (PFP)

PKR

2003

People's Justice Party

"Reformasi"

Reformism

PPP

1953

People's Progressive Party

Multiracialism

PN

PERIKATAN NASIONAL (PN)

PR

PERJUANGAN RAKYAT (PR)

GAS

PERTUBUHAN PARTI GEMILANG ANAK SABAH (GAS)

PERPADUAN

PERTUBUHAN PERPADUAN RAKYAT KEBANGSAAN SABAH (PERPADUAN)

PDP

2002

Progressive Democratic Party

Sarawak interests

GAGASAN

2022

Sabah People's Ideas Party

Sabah nationalism

SAPP

1994

Sabah Progressive Party

Sabah nationalism

PBS

1985

Sabah United Party

Sabah nationalism

PRS

2004

Sarawak People's Party

Dayak interests

PSB

2014

Sarawak United People's Party (United Sarawak) / United People's Party of Sarawak

Sarawak nationalism

SUPP

1959

Sarawak United Peoples' Party

Sarawak multiracialism

KDM

2021

Social Democratic Harmony Party

Sabah regionalism

PBB

1973

United Bumiputera Heritage Party

Sarawak nationalism

UMNO

1946

United Malays National Organisation

"Bersatu, Bersetia, Berkhidmat"

Malay nationalism

UPKO

1994

United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation

Sabah regionalism

USNO

United Sabah National Organisation (revived)

Sabah Malay/Muslim interests